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Camera systems are one of the best physical security not only because it provides visual deterrence but it keeps records.  Professionals have been integrating other technologies into camera systems like motion detection and object detection in order to be more effective.  There are numerous advancements that have been made like image processing dedicated hardware, image analysis algorithms, and software to alert necessary people.

IP cameras have motion detection and sometimes even object recognition capability that can trigger alarms if it senses physical movement in a defined area.  Motion detection algorithms for most cameras are simple.  It simply counts the number of pixels that change from one scene to another and if it exceeds a set of threshold, it will trigger.  Sensitivity will vary from one camera to another and can be adjusted.

Object detection is also available for many new cameras.  Object detection is simply the ability to identify objects within an image.  The process is more complicated than motion detection and requires certain data to be captured and requires a more sophisticated video camera and image processing technology.  Things like action state, position, velocity, dimension, and sometimes even heat levels are captured to be processed.  This is usually connected to the cloud, so it can reference a database for identification.

Object and motion detection capability provide a lot of benefits.  Combining video cameras with other technologies like deep learning can provide numerous capabilities like self-driving cars.