VoIP technology has grown in popularity due to its cheap phone service cost. Long distance calls can now be made at a fraction of the cost. VoIP technology works by delivering and receiving IP packets using the Internet and doesn’t require complicated infrastructure.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is one of the most common protocols that is used in VoIP technology and other text and multimedia sessions, like instant messaging, video, online games and other services. Session Initiation Protocol is an application layer signaling protocol that is designed to establish and maintain multimedia sessions. Session initiation protocol uses TCP or UDP as a transport protocol and uses either 5060 or 5061.
SIP does numerous things like help with name translation and user location to ensure call reaches the party, negotiate features to ensure agreement is made since not all features may be supported, manage call participants like putting someone on hold or holding a group call, and allow to negotiate media and enable appropriate codec for establishing call
SIP supports end-to-end and hop-by-hop authentication and end-to-end encryption using S/MIME. In addition, SIP is independent of the lower-layer transport protocol, which allows it to take advantage of new transport protocols. Lastly, SIP protocol can be extended with additional capabilities and is actively being researched for many media applications.
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